Evidence of foreign interference to excite Indian hostility
Document 1797Memorandum containing evidence from the last few months of foreign interference in order to excite Indian hostility against Americans, particularly on the part of the Spanish - in clear of violation of Pinckney's Treaty. Surprise attacks and the arming of Indians are common themes.
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Evidences of foreign
Interference Exciting
Indian Hostility
May 29. 1797. "The attention of the Government here (East Florida) is already directed towards the Indians. 1000 guns have been purchased and are now at Pensacola for the use of the Creeks"
June 22. 1797. "About the 15th of May the Governor of East Florida (Col. White) had a conference with some of the chiefs from the Lower Creeks, in which he requested their assistance to fight the English and Americans provided they should attack that Province. Whatever subterfuge the governor might find under this proviso, the Indians understood it as a direct invitation to take up the hatchet against the U.S. and refused to embrace it without the consent of their nation"
26th of Octr 1797. "Larmier was certainly appointed a captain in Spanish pay at the time he was with the Delaware and other Indians and on his return received his commission".
[strikethrough: Delage 1797 [undecipherable] Wilkinson]
July 7. 1797. Gen. Wilkinson "On my arrival at Fort Wayne I discovered that the Spaniards had sent agents into all the Indian nations in that vicinity and to L'anguille & the Wabash"
15 May 1797. Gen. Wilkinson "The Miamis Chief the Little Turtle is exerting himself to carry all the mean neither more nor less than to arrange the Indians with more safety and certainty against the United States"
Brig. Gen Wilkinson 15 May 1797. "The Miamis Chief the Little Turtle is exerting himself to carry all the Indians on our borders to the West of the Mishpishpis & I will endeavour to counteract him and as he is a thing of unrivalled power and influence It is this chief who directed the [undecipherable] against Gen St Clair,"
June 2d. 1797
[Speech] sent by the Spanish Commanding officer of St Louis on the Mississippi to the nations on the American side & near Detroit & its vicinity.
Children. I am now up and your father the French. I am about going to war against the English and the Indian Nations who are about me wishes you not to mix with the English — they wish you to come and live on our side where you shall have land and every thing to maintain your women & children. I do not want you to fight for me; my invitation is only to save you. I have red people enough on my side. I do not want you to take the tomahawk for me unless you choose it.
Children.
The French and Spaniards who are your first fathers make now but one, and the English and the Americans are also but one.
Children The French are already in possession of the Islands of St. John on the [undecipherable] of St. Lawrence and we will have a strong town at St. Louis on the Mishpishpis, with a large number of young warriors from New Orleans and one hundred pieces of cannon.
Children
Be careful that my speech be not communicated to any white people particularly to any English or Americans.
"The Cherokee Chiefs who returned from the visit from Pensacola rec'd. valuable presents from the Spaniards. It was hinted to the Indians that in return, if any misunderstanding should arise between Spain & the U.S. it was expected the Indians would be friendly to Spain"
[Encln. Oct 26, 1797]
11 Augt. 1797. — "A council held at the Tawa Town by the Indians, to determine whether they would join the Spaniards or not."
18 July 1797. "A certain time appointed for them (the Indians in the North Western Territory) to assemble together [undecipherable] to surprise the different garrisons occupied by the American troops. [strikethrough: Be Seranoa] expected by the Delawares [strikethrough: [undecipherable]] Six chiefs from the Creeks Cherokees and Choctaws to form a general alliance by instructions from the Spaniards in order to wage war against the U.S. whenever the French and Spaniards should be ready to strike"
2d May 1797. Exertions to excite the Indians in this quarter to fall upon the American troops at Natchez and upon the inhabitants."
July 29. 1797. Gen. Wilkinson "Whatever may be the exterior of the Indians it is certain, that some secret plan has been in agitation among them for several months past. To be provided for every emergency I should be authorized to call forth a body of mounted volunteers."
June 22 1797. Attempts have been renewed to bring forward the Indians to cut off the American detachment at Natchez. I now hold in my possession a letter from [strikethrough: [undecipherable]] the head chief of the Choctaws informing me 200 of the six Town Choctas having engaged to cut off the American troops in this quarter.
July 17. 1797. "I returned to this place the 13th of this month after a journey of two months on the Wabash The Indians in that quarter have this spring received a great many invitations from the Spanish to come and take up arms against the U.S." In his [undecipherable] Gen. Wilkinson remarks ([underline: insert 2d]) "This information maybe relied on in point of fact".
"Various attempts by citizens [strikethrough: [undecipherable]] of the United States to prepare the Indians for war [strikethrough: [undecipherable]] [strikethrough: [undecipherable]] to weaken their confidence in the U.S. and prejudice them against the agents of the U.S."
July [undecipherable] 1797. Gen. Wilkinson [undecipherable] at Fort Wayne & discovered that the Spaniards had sent agents into all the Indian nations in that vicinity, and to L'anguille & the Wabash"
June 16. 1797. west Niagara "The French are insinuating themselves among the Indians to prevail on them to act both against the British and Americans"
Type
Draft Document
Description
Memorandum containing evidence from the last few months of foreign interference in order to excite Indian hostility against Americans, particularly on the part of the Spanish - in clear of violation of Pinckney's Treaty. Surprise attacks and the arming of Indians are common themes.
Date
10/26/1797
Author
Repository
Collection
Document number
1797102600001
Page start
1
Notable persons
James McHenry
Little Turtle
James Wilkinson
Lormier
Enrique White
Indians
Spanish
Creeks
lower Creeks
chiefs
English
Americans
whites
Delaware
Spaniards
agents
Miamis
French
women
children
warriors
Cherokee
troops
Choctaws
British
Notable locations
West Niagara
Natchez
Northwestern Territory
Tawa Towns
Spain
New Orleans
Island of St. John
St. Lawrence
Detroit
St. Louis
United States
L'anguille
Wabash
Fort Wayne
U.S.
Pensacola
East Florida
Creek Nation
France
Cherokee Nation
Delaware Nation
Choctaw Nation
Notable items
Guns
hatchet
commission
tomahawk
cannon
presents
gifts
garrison

