No human transcription currently available for this document.
This transcription was generated by machine using Anthropic's Claude Code (a mix of sonnet and opus models). It may contain errors or inaccuracies. Please verify against the document image. Learn more about our generative AI methodology.
Now I have all 11 pages. I can see from the catchwords that the archival images are slightly out of sequence — pages WCA01 pages 9, 10, and 11 should read in order 11→10→9. Here is the complete transcription following the correct document order:
Instructions to Major Henry Gaither of the Third Sub Legion of the United States.
Sir,
It is the orders of the President of the United States, that you repair to Georgia and there take upon you the command of the troops on the frontiers of that state.
You have hereunto annexed a return of the said troops as at present arranged No1. — But the establishment of the companies being enlarged, the troops specified in the Return are to be arranged according to paper No2. The noncommissioned Officers and privates exceeding the number therein mentioned are to consist of those the least fit for duty, whom you will discharge the service first directing the PayMaster hereafter mentioned to pay them the arrears of pay which may be due.
Lieutenant Sohier of the second Sub Legion you will appoint to act as a battalion quarter master and paymaster at dollars per Month and Rations of forage extra to his pay and rations in the line. His duty as quarter master and as paymaster are hereunto annexed marked No3 & 4 if he should decline the duty you will appoint some other [strikethrough: person] Officer.
You will appoint Ensign Sedgwick to McLanes company for the present.
The complete clothing for the year 1792, for three companies and also suits for the supernumeraries and contingencies are packed up and will be delivered to you. Eleven thousand eight hundred & seventy five Dollars are also delivered to you in order to complete the payments of the said troops to the last day of the present Month.
In future an arrangement will be made to pay the troops monthly.
You have herewith delivered a letter to Major Richard Galt the present commandeing Officer directing him to deliver you the command of the troops, posts, stores and all things thereunto belonging together with such information respecting them as may be necessary for you to know.
There are at present three Garrisons in Georgia — One at St Mary's — One at Beards Bluff — and one at the Rocklanding on the River Oconnee at which the Majority of the troops are.
In future you will occupy the post at St Mary's, which is very healthy with a detachment consisting of a judicious subaltern and one Serjeant two Corporals and fifteen privates.
If upon examination or information, you should be of opinion that the post at Beards Bluff is extremely unhealthy, you will abandon it, provided it should be your judgment that no injurious consequences as it respects the defence of the Country would result from the measure.
It has been represented to me that the post at the Rocklanding is greatly unhealthy having to the Southward and South West of it large quantities of stagnant waters — You will exercise your judgment freely either to evacuate partially or entirely or retain the said post. It is an important object to obtain an healthy position for the troops — If therefore you should abandon the post at the Rocklanding, you will remove higher up the Country, and as near to the Oconnee as convenient, until you obtain a suitable position, which should blend the defence of the Country with the health of the troops.
You will take under your charge an entire new sett of tents for the Officers and Men in Georgia, and the further supply of Articles in the Quarter Masters and Ordnance departments as are described in the paper No5 to be furnished by M. Hodgdon.
The rifles and accoutrements are intended to arm a number of Men and by disciplining them as such to render them useful. The most active marksmen and best Woodsmen are to be chosen for this purpose.
The Swords and Cavalry equipments are designed to mount a number of men as horsemen if the necessity of the service should require that service.
The main design of retaining the troops in Georgia is to exhibit to the neighbouring Indians a species of defence to the frontier inhabitants of the said State, and thereby to prevent the incursion of small parties of violent and desperate Indians
The United States made a treaty with the Creaks at New York in August 1790 a copy of which is hereunto annexed No 6. — This treaty has not been fully executed owing to a variety of causes of which you will be more fully informed by Mr Seagrove, who is the temporary Agent of the United States to that Nation of Indians: But it is to be observed, that although they have declined to execute the treaty, their conduct does not seem to be dictated so much by a spirit of hostility, as to the complexity of their state of society, and perhaps in the minds of some a misunderstanding as to the true intent and meaning of the South Western line.
It must be left to time and circumstances and a conciliatory spirit on our part to bring them to a full compliance with the treaty. The United States are anxiously desirous of a general and entire peace with all the neighbouring Indian tribes founded on the principles of moderation, humanity and justice — It is therefore the direction of the President of the United States that all the Indians be treated with great cordiality. That neither offence nor pretence for offence be afford them, by permitting the least species of injustice — But they are to be taught by experience to consider the United States as their best friends and protectors.
You will on all occasions direct that the Officers on the River St Mary's and other places, conduct themselves towards the Spanish Officers and government with the greatest politeness and respect — Any offence against this order will be marked with the peculiar attention of the Government, and treated as the nature of the case may require.
You will also observe and direct to be observed by all persons under your orders the greatest regard and cordiality to the government and civil authority of Georgia — In pursuance therefore of this order you will from time to time communicate to the Governor of Georgia any important occurrences among the neighbouring Indians, which may in any wise affect the peace or safety of the Inhabitants of the said State, and you will also direct the troops under your orders to demean themselves peaceably and cordially towards the Citizens of the said State — You will notify the Governor of your arrival, and of your readiness to promote to the utmost of your power the general welfare of the State as may be connected with your command.
These instructions are to serve as the ordinary and general principles to govern your conduct: But unforeseen exigencies may arise, which will require you to take measures not herein contemplated — In such cases you must be governed by your view of the subject, and the best interest of the United States, and restricting your measures to the defence of the troops and the State — No circumstances are to induce you to act otherwise offensively against the Indians, than shall be connected with repelling or punishing any depredatory parties of Indians until you receive the orders of the general Government for that purpose.
You will keep up a constant correspondence with this office, transmitting returns of your command monthly, and noting any occurrences either relative to the Indians or other objects necessary to be known to me.
You have delivered herewith a copy of the contracts for furnishing the troops with Provisions and Quarter Masters Stores No 7
You have herewith delivered you one thousand dollars. This money is intended as a fund to defray any contingent expenses which may arise in pursuance of the public service and for which you will be held accountable.
You have also delivered to you instructions which have been given by the Comptroller of the Treasury to the Paymaster on the Ohio. No4
The same rules and forms as far as they apply are to govern throughout the legion of the United States.
You have also herewith delivered certain regulations relative to receiving distributing and accounting for all public property delivered to the troops, and also the allowance of forage, paper and wood — These regulations are also to be observed by the troops under your orders.
You have also delivered to you the organization of the legion of the United States and a list of the Officers composing the respective Sub Legions No 8.
It is a point of no small moment to the reputation of the Legion, as well as to the nation, that the discipline of the troops should be braced up to as great perfection as possible. The idea of discipline is very comprehensive, embracing all parts of military duty and military economy — Among its most prominent and essential features are exact and prompt obedience of orders — habitual and eagle eyed vigilance, being a constant preparation for every possible event to which troops are liable, and an exact observance of all the forms and guards prescribed by the military code — it should be impressed on the minds of every Officer and Soldier that to be surprised and to be utterly disgraced are inseparably connected together.
That Drunkenness in Officers is a monstrous vice, incapacitating and ruining all who practise it — If this evil should exist, it must instantly be rooted out by the most exemplary severity admitted by the articles of war.
The perfect knowledge of the Arms placed in the hands of a troops cannot be attained, but by constant use)
The infantry therefore are to be well drilled according to the nature of the service in which they may probably be engaged.
Each man must therefore be taught to have a degree of personal confidence in himself and in a particular manner to become a good marksman — securing themselves at the same time from the fire of their opponents — to charge in open order and in a line greatly extended — to conflict if necessary individually with the Indians.
The Officers must be convinced that the Indians must be outflanked in order to be beaten — That the flanks or rear once gained while a fire is kept up in front, victory will be highly probable.
To gain the flanks and rear of an enemy is the great leading maxim of all war whether civilized or savage, and has ever succeeded more generally than any other principle — But in an Indian conflict it must be a belief — a fixed system in the minds of all the troops.
On your arrival in Georgia you will please to direct that Doctors Scott and Hayward repair to this city with all convenient speed and I shall direct two Surgeons Mates to relieve them immediately.
You have also delivered you one thousand dollars for the use of the Indian department, and which you will please to place in the hands of James Seagrove Esq. taking triplicate receipts for the same. —
You have also delivered you four Silver Medals twelve pairs of Arm Bands and one hundred and thirty two pair of Nose and Ear Jewells which you will please to deliver to James Seagrove Esq. taking triplicate receipts for the same.
Given at the War Office of the United States this Eleventh day of August 1792
[undecipherable]
[undecipherable]